kPz;Lk; Gspab! Gspab!
cyfg; Gfo;ngw;w ehlfhrpupaH Nrf;];gpaH vOjpa
ehlfq;fspy; `k;yl; vd;w ehlfk; kpfTk;
caHthfg; Ngrg;gLk; gilg;ghFk;. ehlfj;jpd; fij xU cz;ikahd tuyhw;iw
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.
nld;khHf;fpd; murid mtuJ rNfhjud; FNyhba];
(Claudius) nfhiynra;Jtpl;L Ml;rpf;
fl;by; VWfpwhd;. FNyhbair ,we;j kd;dupd; kidtp mtru mtrukhf jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhs;fpwhs;. gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j nld;khHf;fpd; ,sturd;
`k;yl;
(Prince of Denmark) jiyefUf;F clNd
jpUk;gp tUkhW fl;lis gwf;fpwJ. jiyefH jpUk;gpa ,sturDf;F jdJ je;ijiaf; nfhiy
nra;jJ jdJ rpwpa je;ijjhd; vd;w re;Njfk; Vw;gLfpwJ. me;jf; fl;lj;jpy; FNyhbair nfhy;tjh? ,y;iyah? mJjhd;
Nfs;tp? (To be, or not to be: that is the question?)
vd;W
kdJf;Fs; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;fpwhd;.
,g;NghJ tp.GypfSk; ag;ghdpy; vjpHtUk; A+d; 9> 10
Mk; ehs; eilngw ,Uf;Fk; cjtp toq;Fk; ehLfspd; khehl;by; fye;J nfhs;tjh?
,y;iyah? vd;W KbntLf;f Ntz;ba xU Kf;fpa fl;lj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwhHfs;.
Vw;fdNt ag;ghdpd; rpwg;G JhJtH aRRf;fp Mfh\p
ag;ghd; khehl;by; fye;J nfhs;s tp.GypfSf;F
nfhLj;jpUe;j nfL Kbe;Jtpl;lJ.
,Ue;Jk; mikjpg; Ngr;R thHj;ijapy; jw;NghJ
Vw;gl;Ls;s Kl;Lf;fl;il epiyia ePf;Fk; tpjj;jpYk;> cjtp toq;Fk; ehLfspd;
ag;ghd; khehl;by; Gypfisg; gq;Fngwr; nra;tjpYk; NehHNt ,uhrje;jpupfs;
vLj;JtUk; Kaw;rpfs; ,d;Dk; iftplg;
gltpy;iy. njhlHe;J Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. NehHNt ,uhrje;jpupfs;
nfhOk;Gf;Fk; fpspnehr;rpf;Fk; ,ilapy; khwp khwpg; gwe;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhHfs;.
mnkupf;fh> INuhg;gpa xd;wpak;> gpupj;jhdpah>
fdlh Nghd;w ehLfs; ag;ghd; khehl;by; gq;Fgw;WkhW tp.GypfSf;F Ntz;LNfhs;
tpLj;J tUfpd;wd.
jw;Nghija murpay; neUf;fbfs; Fwpj;j jkJ Kbit
tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,d;W (Gjd;fpoik) gj;jpupifahsH khehl;by; ntspapLth; vd;W
Kjypy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;lJ. mJ ,g;NghJ gpw;Nghlg;gl;Ls;sJ. ehis
(tpahof;fpoik) eilngw ,Uf;Fk; ,e;j khehl;by; Gypfspd; Kf;fpa mwptpg;G
ntsptUk; vd vjph; ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
tp.GypfSf;Fk; uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh muRf;Fk; ,ilapyhd Ngr;RthHj;ijfspy; vOe;Js;s Kl;Lf;fl;il ,Jjhd;.
(m)
mikjp xg;ge;jj;jpd;gb ,uhZtk; tPLfs;> gs;spf;$lq;fs;> nghJf; fl;blq;fs;
Nghd;wtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawp ,lk;ngaHe;j kf;fis mtHfsJ nrhe;j ,lq;fspy; kPs;
FbakHj;j =yq;fh muR jtwptpl;lJ.
(M)
mtru kdpjhgpkhdg; gzpfs; kw;Wk; Gdu; epu;khz NjitfSf;fhd cg FO (rpuhd;) nray;
gltpy;iy.
rpuhdpd; nray; ghLfs; Klq;fpg; Nghdjw;F ,g;NghJs;s ahg;gpd; fPo; epjp
njhlHghd mjpfhuk; ehlhSkd;wj;Jf;Nf cz;L> rpuhd; Nghd;w mikg;ig
mq;fPfupg;gjw;F ahg;gpy; ,lk; ,y;iy
vd rl;lkh mjpgH njuptpj;Js;sNj fhuzkhFk;.
vdNt
ahg;gpw;F ntspNa rpuhd; Nghd;w mikg;Gf;F mjpfhuk; toq;fg;gl;lhy; kl;LNk
ag;ghdpy; eilngw ,Uf;Fk; khehl;by;
fye;J nfhs;tJ njhlu;ghf jq;fspd; Kbit kW Ma;T nra;a KbAk; vd gpujkH uzpy;
tpf;fpukrpq;fh mDg;gpa NahridfSf;F nra;j jpUj;jq;fs; %yk; tp.Gypfs;
njuptpj;Js;sdH.
,g;NghJ mjpubahf tl-fpof;Fg;
gpuNjrj;jpy; xU ,ilf;fhy epHthfj;ij epWTkhW tp.Gypfs; jiytH gpughfud; gpujkH
uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fhtpw;F Nfhupf;if tpLj;Js;shH. ,J njhlHghd fbjk; xd;iw
tp.Gypfspd; murpay; MNyhrfH md;ld; ghyrpq;fk; NehHNt Jiz mikr;rH tplhH
n`y;fnfrDf;F mDg;gp itj;Js;shH.
tp.Gypfspd; Kd;ida Kd;nkhopTfSf;F
gpujkH tpf;fpukrpq;fh rkHg;gpj;j NahridfSf;F gjpy; mspf;F KfkhfNt ,e;j
,ilf;fhy epHthf Nfhupf;ifia ,g;NghJ tp.Gypfs; Kd; itj;Js;shHfs;.
tl-fpof;Ff;F ,ilf;fhy epHthfk; vd;gJ
,yq;if-,e;jpa xg;ge;jk; vOjg;gl;l fhyk; njhl;L (1987) Ngrg;gl;L tUfpw xU
tplakhFk;.
,yq;if-,e;jpa xg;ge;jj;jpd; fPo; xU
,ilf;fhy epHthfk; Vw;gLj;Jk; Kaw;rp ntw;wpngwtpy;iy.
tp.GypfSf;Fk; ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jpw;Fk;
,ilapy; %z;l NghUf;F ,e;j ,ilf;fhy epHthfk; Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; ,lk;ngw;w jhkjKk;
,OgwpAk; Kf;fpa fhuzkhFk;.
1994Mk; Mz;L Ml;rpf;F te;j rdhjpgjp
re;jpupfh NjHjy; Nkilfspy; tl-fpof;fpy; ,ilf;fhy epHthfj;ij Vw;gLj;jp mjid
tp.Gypfs; ifapy; 10 Mz;LfSf;F tpl;tplg; Nghtjhf mwptpj;jhH.
2001 Mk; Mz;L
bnrk;gH 5,y; eilngw;w NjHjy; gug;Giufspd; NghJ uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh
If;fpa Njrpa Kd;dzp
(TNA)
Ml;rpiaf; ifg;gw;wpdhy; tp.Gypfspd; jiyikapy;
tl-fpof;Ff;F xU ,ilf;fhy epHthfk; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; vd;W $wpdhH.
tp.GypfSf;Fk; =yq;fh muRf;Fk;
,ilapyhd Kjy; Rw;W Ngr;R thHj;ij jha;ye;jpy; eilngw;wNghJ tl-fpof;Ff;F xU
,ilf;fhy epHthfk; Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W tp.Gypfs; Nfl;lhHfs;.
,jw;F muR jug;gpy; Kf;fpa
Ngr;rhsuhff; fye;J nfhz;l mikr;rH [p.vy;. gPup]; mg;gbahd xU ,ilf;fhy
epHthfj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; rl;lr; rpf;fy; kw;Wk; ahg;Gr; rpf;fy; ,Ug;gjhfj;
njuptpj;jhH.
,ilf;fhy
epHthfj;Jf;Fg; gjpy; tl-fpof;F kPs;
fl;likg;G> kW tho;T gw;wpa gzpfis Kd;ndLf;f ''tl fpof;Ff;fhd kdpjhgpkhd
kw;Wk; kWfl;likg;G eltbf;iff;fhd $l;L nray; mzp'
(Joint Task
Force for Humanitarian and
Reconstruction Activities’ for the Northeast )
vd;w mikg;ig cUthf;f KbT nra;ag;gl;lJ.
gpd;dH ele;j
Ngr;R thHj;ijfspd; NghJ ,e;jf; $l;Lr; nray; mzp ''mtru
kdpjhgpkhdg; gzpfs; kw;Wk; Gdu; epu;khzj; NjitfSf;fhd cg FO (rpuhd;)
(Sub-committee on Immediate Humanitarian and Rehabilitation Needs (SIHRN)
vd;W ngaH khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;lJ.
,e;j
mikg;gpd; Nehf;fk; tl-fpof;fpy; my;yy;gLk; ,lk;ngaHe;j kf;fis kPs;
FbakHj;jy;> kdpjhgpkhd kWfl;likg;Gj; Njitfis ,dq;fz;L mtw;iw eptHj;jp nra;jy;
kw;Wk; midj;J kf;fSf;Fk; ,ay;G tho;it Vw;gLj;Jjy; MFk;.
Mdhy; ,e;j Nehf;fq;fs; vJTNk
eilKiwg; gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. x];Nyh cjtpahsH khehl;by; thf;fspf;fg;gl;l 7 Nfhb
nlhyHfspy; NehHNtapd; gq;fspg;ghd 2.9 kpy;ypad; nlhyHfNs cyf tq;fpapy; gw;W
itf;fg;gl;lJ. kPjp epjpf;F vd;d ele;jJ vd;gJ njupatpy;iy.
,g;NghJ rupahf vl;L khjq;fs; fopj;J
rpuhd; vd;w murid ek;gp ,ilf;fhy epHthfk; vd;w GUridf; iftpl;l tp.Gypfs;
kPz;Lk; mijNa Nfl;fpwhHfs;!
tl-fpof;F (,ilf;fhy) epHthf
,ae;jpuk; tp.Gypfspd; iff;F tuhtpl;lhy; kPs; Fbaikg;G kPs; fl;likg;G ntWk;
gfw; fdTfshfNt ,Uf;Fk;.
NkYk; rpije;JNghd tl-fpof;F
fl;Lkhdj;ijAk; nghUshjhuj;ijAk; kPsf;
fl;bnaOg;g ntspehLfs; jUk; epjpia nrytopf;Fk; mjpfhuk; ,ilf;fhy epHthfj;Jf;Nf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tp.GypfSf;Fk; uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh
muRf;Fk; ,ilapyhd mikjpg; Ngr;R thHj;ij ,U jug;Gk; rkj;Jt
cupikAilatHfs; vd;w ajhHj;jj;jpd;
mbg;gilapNyNa ele;J te;jJ.
mJ cz;ikahdhy; tl-fpof;F ,ilf;fhy
epHthfj;ij tp.Gypfsplk; xg;gilg;gjpy; uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh murpw;F ve;j kdj;
jlq;fYk; ,Uf;f epahakpy;iy.
mg;gb xU kdj;jlq;fy; ,Uf;Fkhdhy;>
=yq;fhtpd; ahg;G mjw;F ,lq;nfhLf;fhJ vd;W uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh muR
nrhy;YNkahdhy; Nkw;nfhz;L Ngr;R thHj;ijapy; <LgLtjpy; nghUs; ,y;yhJ
Ngha;tpLk;.
jkpo; Njrpaj;jpw;Fk; rpq;fs
Njrpaj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapyhd rpf;fy; ,g;NghJ ,Uf;Fk; xw;iwahl;rp ahg;gpd; fPo;
jPHf;f Kbahnjd;gij rdhjpgjp re;jpupfh FkhuJq;fhNt xg;Gf; nfhz;l cz;ikahFk;.
vdNt =yq;fhtpd; murpay; ahg;G
,ilf;fhy epHthfk; xd;iw Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F ,le;juhJ vd;W nrhy;tij Vw;Wf; nfhs;s KbahJ.
mtrufhyj;ijg; gpufldg; gLj;jpahtJ
,ilf;fhy epHthfj;ij cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tp.Gypfspd; jiytH gpughfuDf;Fk;
=yq;fh gpujkH uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fhtpw;Fk; ,ilapy; ifr;rhj;jplg;gl;l NghH
epWj;j xg;ge;jk; =yq;fh murpay; ahg;Gf;F ntspNajhd; nra;J nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.
tp.GypfSf;Fk; =yq;fh ,uhZtj;Jf;Fk;;
,ilapy; ele;j NghHf; ifjpfspd; gupkhw;wk; =yq;fh murpay; ahg;Gf;F
mg;ghw;gl;lJjhd;. NghHf; ifjpfs; gupkhw;wk; ,UehLfSf;F ,ilNa> ,U ,uhZtj;Jf;F
,ilNajhd; nghJthf eilngWk;.
=yq;fh ehl;bd; xw;iwahl;rp ahg;ig
tp.Gypfs; xU NghJk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ljpy;iy. mjdhNyNa =yq;fh ehlhSkd;w NjHjypy;
mtHfs; NeubahfNth kiwKfkhfNth gq;F gw;Wtij jtpHj;J te;jpUf;fpwhHfs;.
vdNt =yq;fh murpd; ahg;Gf;F
mikaj;jhd; Ngr;R thHj;ij vd;why; mjpy; tp.Gypfs; gq;F gw;Wtjpy; nghUs; ,y;iy.
,e;jf;
fl;lj;jpy; ,e;NjhNerpah muRf;Fk; mr;Nr
tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; (Free Aceh Movement (FAM)
,ilapy; ag;ghdpy; ele;j mikjpg; Ngr;R thHj;ij Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jjij mLj;J
,e;NjhNerpah murpd; rdhjpgjp Nkftjp RfHzGj;jpup
( Megawati Sukarnoputri )
,uhZt rl;lj;ijg; gpufldg;gLj;jp tpl;L mr;Nr
tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpw;F vjpuhfj; jhf;Fjy; elj;JkhW ,e;NjhNerpah ,uhZtj;Jf;F
fl;lis gpwg;gpj;J ,Ug;gij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;tJ ey;yJ.
NghHg;
gpufldj;ij mLj;J fle;j %d;W ehl;fshf ,uhZtj;Jf;Fk; mr;Nr tpLjiy
,af;fj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy; ngUk; rz;il ,lk;ngw;W tUfpwJ.
mjw;F
Kd;dH ,e;NjhNerpah muR mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;Jf;F xU fhyf; nfLit tpjpj;jJ. "'
Nk 12f;Fs; ,e;NjhNerpah ehl;bd; ,iwikia Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sq;fs; my;yJ KO mstpyhd
Aj;jk; xd;iwr; re;jpAq;fs;'' vd;gNj me;jf; nfLthFk;.
,e;jj; jhf;Fjypy; ,e;NjhNerpah muR 35>000 ,uhZtj;jpdiu mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;f NghuhspfSf;F vjpuhff; fsk; ,wf;fpAs;sJ.
mr;Nr ,uhr;rpak;
(Kingdom
of Ache)
ePz;l fhykhf Rje;jpukhf ,aq;fp te;j xU murhFk;. mr;Nr kf;fs; me;epa
Mf;fpukpg;Gf;fSf;F vjpuhfg; NghuhLk; ,dk; vd;w ngUkpjKk; tuyhWk;
nfhz;ltHfs;. xy;yhe;jH 19 Mk; Ehw;whz;by; mr;Nr ,uhr;rpaj;ij gpbg;gjw;F 30
Mz;Lfs; Nghuhl Ntz;bapUe;jJ.
xy;yhe;jH mjidf; ifg;gw;wpa
gpd;dH md;iwa lr;R fpof;F ,e;jpa fk;gdpNahL (Dutch East
Indies)
,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhHfs;. gpd;dH 1949.Mk; Mz;L
,e;NjhNerpah Fbaurhf cUthdNghJ mr;Nr mjd; fPo; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.
,e;NjhNerpahtpy; 300f;Fk; mjpfkhd nkhop NgRk; kf;fs; tho;fpwhHfs;. kf;fs;
njhifapy; ,e;NjhNerpahNt cyfpy; kpfg; ngupa K];ypk; ehlhf tpsq;FfpwJ. mjd;
kf;fs; njhif 202 kpy;ypad; my;yJ 20.2 NfhbahFk;.
mr;Nr khfhzj;jpd; kf;fs; njhif 45 ,yl;rkhFk;.
vz;nza; kw;Wk; ,aw;if thA tsk; epiwe;j khfhzk; ,JthFk;.
mnkupf;fhtpd; kpfg; ngupa vz;nza;f; fk;gdpfspy; xd;whd Exxon
Mobil
,e;NjhNerpah 13>000 mjpfkhd
jPTf;$l;lq;fis (Archipelago) cs;slf;fpa xU ehlhFk;. mjpy; mr;Nr Rkj;jpuh jPtpd; tlf;F Kidapy; ,Uf;Fk;
,d;ndhU jPthFk;.
[fHj;jhitj;
jiyefuhff; nfhz;l muR KO ehl;ilAk; MStJ vd;gJ xU rthyhfNt ,Ue;J tUfpwJ.
1999,y; fpof;F jPNkhH jdpehlhfg; gpufldk; nra;jNghJ mJ mr;Nr tpLjiy
,af;fj;jpw;F ek;gpf;if Cl;Ltjhf ,Ue;jJ. fpof;F jPNkhH 2002 Nk 20,y; KO
Rje;jpu ehlhf kyHe;jJ njupe;jNj.
1889-1998 ,y;
md;iwa ,e;NjhNerpah rdhjpgjp Rfhl;Nuh mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;ij eRf;Ftjw;F
,uhZtj;ij VtpdhH. mjd;NghJ rpj;jputij> ghypay; td;Kiw> fhzhky; Nghjy; Nghd;w
ghupa kdpjTupik kPwy;fs; muq;Nfwpd.
fle;j 2002Mk;
Mz;L bnrk;gH 9 ,y; mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; ,e;NjhNerpah muRf;Fk; ,ilapy;
ifr;rhj;jhfpa xg;ge;jj;jpd;gb fPo;f;fz;l tplaq;fisapl;L ,zf;fk; fhzg;gl;lJ.
(m) cldbahf
,U jug;Gk; NghH epWj;jk;.
(M) xU
jd;dhl;rp muir cUthf;Ftjw;F 2004.,y; Rje;jpukhd nghJr; NjHjy; xd;iw elj;JtJ.
Mdhy; jdpehL ,y;iy.
(,) Gjpa
khfhz muR vz;nza; tpw;gidapd; %yk; fpilf;Fk; tUthapy; 70 tpOf;fhl;il
itj;jpUf;f mDkjpg;gJ.
(<) khfhz muR
rhwpah vd;w ,];yhkpa rl;lj;ij mKy;gLj;j mDkjpg;gJ.
(c)
Nghuhspfs; MAjq;fisf; fPNo Nghl Ntz;Lk;.
Mdhy; 5
khjq;fs; fopj;J fle;j Nk khjk; ,e;j xg;ge;jk; Kwpe;J Ngha;tpl;lJ.
,jw;Ff;
fhuzk; xd;W mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fk; jdJ MAjq;fis fPNo itf;f kWj;;jik. kw;wJ
,e;NjhNerpah ,uhZtk; jdJ ghJfhg;G epiyfis gpd;js;sj; jtwpaik.
,g;NghJ mr;Nr
tpLjiy ,af;fk; mr;Nr khfhzj;jpd; KO tpLjiyf;Fg; NghuhLtnjd #Siuj;Js;sJ.
fle;j 27
Mz;Lfshf mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; ,e;NjhNerpah ,uhZtj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy;
ele;j rz;ilapy; 10>000f;Fk; mjpfkhd nghJ kf;fs; nfhy;yg;gl;Ls;shHfs;.
mr;Nr tpLjiy
,af;fk; 1976 bnrk;gH 4 ,y; njhlf;fg;gl;lJ. mjid Njhw;Wtpj;jtH ngaH frhd; b
upNuh (Hasan
di Toro) MthH. RkhH 150
NghuhspfNshL njhlf;fg;gl;l mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fk; ,d;W 2000-3000 Nghuhspfs;
nfhz;l ,af;fkhf tsHr;rp mile;Js;sJ.
mr;Nr ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; tuyhw;Wf;Fk; aho;g;ghz
,uhr;rpaj;jpd; tuyhw;Wf;Fk; epiwa xw;Wik cz;L. mNjNghy; mr;Nrapd;
Rje;jpuj;Jf;fhf MAjk; Ve;jp ,e;NjhNerpah muNrhL xU nfupyh Aj;jj;ij elj;jp
tUk; mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;Jf;Fk; jkpoPo tpLjiy
Gypfs; ,af;fj;Jf;Fk; epiwa xw;Wik cz;L.
mr;Nr tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpd; mDgtk; vkf;Fk; xU ghlkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. (ek;ehL- Nk 22> 2003)