fpA+gh gazf; fl;Liu

xU gUe;jpd; epoypy; 

vy;yh tsKk; cz;L! gpd;dH gQ;rk; Vd;?

(91)

f];Nwh fy;Yhup khztdhf ,Ue;jNghJ ,l;yH vOjpa Mein Kampf vd;w Ehiyg; gbg;gjpy; ftdk; nrYj;jpapUf;fpwhH.  mj;NjhL
,l;yH KNrhypdp ,UtUk; NgRtJ Nghy; fz;zhbf;F Kd; epd;W gopj;Jf; fhl;Lthuhk;.  

f];Nwh vd;w jdpkdpjidg; Gupe;J nfhs;tJ tpy;yq;fkhFk;. mtiu kpf mG+Hgkhfj;jhd;  nghJ ,lq;fspy; ghHf;fyhk;. ,utpy; Jhq;FtJ kpff; FiwT. mjw;Fg;  gjpy; mYtyfj;jpNyNa Nfhopj; Jhf;fk; NghLtij mtH tof;fkhff; nfhz;Ls;shH. vjpupfs; vq;Nf jhd; Jhq;Fk;NghJ jdJ Ml;rpiaf; ftpo;j;J tpLthHfNsh vd;w gaj;jpy;jhd;  mtH ePz;l Neuk; Jhq;Ftjpy;iy vd mtuJ murpay; vjpupfs; nrhy;fpwhHfs;. f];NwhTf;F ed;whf Mq;fpyk; Ngr tUk;. Mdhy; NgRtjpy;iy. neUg;gpy; thl;ba (grilled) kPd;> Mik #g;> spaghetti kuf;fwp mtUf;F kpfTk; gpbj;jkhd czT. kPd; gpbj;jy;> Njhl;lk; nra;jy;> ePe;Jjy;> rJuq;fk; MLjy;> jdpNa fpuhkg; Gwq;fspy; [Pg;gpy; rthup nra;tJ gpbj;jkhd nghOJ Nghf;Ff;fs;.

f];Nwhtpw;Fg; gpbj;j vz; 26.  mtH gpwe;jJ 1926> mtuJ je;ijf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd epyj;jpd; gug;gsT 26>000 Vf;fH (10>500 nff;lH)> nkhd;fhlh ,uhZt Kfhk; kPJ jhf;Fjy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l ehs; A+iy 26. mg;NghJ mtuJ taJ 26. Kf;fpa ciu my;yJ  Kf;fpa KbTfis 26,y; jhd; f];Nwh vLg;gjhfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. nghJthf fpA+ghdpaHfs; ,g;gbahd %l ek;gpf;iffspy; ek;gpf;ifAilatHfs;. mtHfspy; f];NwhTk; xUtuh vd;gJ njupatpy;iy.

Kg;gJfspy; f];NwhitAk; mtuJ %j;j cld;gpwg;G Ramon iaAk; mtHfs; tho;e;j kiyf;Fd;wpy; ,Ue;J gy iky;fs; Jhuk; re;jpahf;Nfhtpy; ,Ue;j xU gs;spf;$lj;jpy; gbg;gjw;F ngw;NwhHfs; mDg;gp itj;jhHfs;. Kg;gJfspy; fbdkhd me;jg; gazk; nkhj;jk; 7 ehs;fs; vLj;jJ. ,uz;L cld;gpwg;Gf;fisAk;  f];Nwh FLk;g  ez;gH gs;spf;F mDkjpf;ff; $l;br; nrd;wNghJ taJ
fhzhJ vd;W fhuzk; fhl;b gpliyr;  gs;spapy; NrHf;f mjpgH kWj;Jtpl;lhH. jdpNa gpliy tPl;Lf;F mDg;Gtjpy; cs;s  mghaj;ij vz;zpg; ghHj;j me;jf; FLk;g ez;gH mq;NfNa mtuJ gpwg;Gr; rhd;wpjopy; 1927 vd;W ,Ue;jij 1926 vd;W khw;wp tpl;L ',g;Ngh taJ rup. NrHj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;"" vd;W gs;spf;$l mjpguplk; $wpdhuhk;.  

ahH vijr; nrhd;dhYk; 20Mk; Ehw;whz;bd;  tuyhw;wpy;  jdf;nfd xU ,lj;ij gply; f];Nwh (Fidel Castro) gpbj;J itj;Js;shH!,jid ahuhYk; kWf;f KbahJ.  

`thhdhtpy; ghHg;gjw;F vj;jidNah tuyhw;W Kf;fpak; tha;e;j ,lq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.  mtw;iw vy;yhk; Rw;wpg; ghHg;gJ vd;gJ eilKiw rhj;jpak; mw;wJ.  ,yq;ifiag; NghHj;Jf;NfaH> xy;yhe;jH> Mq;fpNyaH vd 443 Mz;Lfs;  Mz;bUf;fpwhHfs;. 1505 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; 1948 tiu ePbj;j nfhydpj;Jt ehLfspd; Ml;rpia epidTgLj;Jk; Nfhl;ilfs;> fl;blq;fis  tpuy;tpl;L vz;zptplyhk;. aho;g;ghzf; Nfhl;il> jpUNfhzkiyf; Nfhl;il> kl;lf;fsg;Gg; Nfhl;il> nfhOk;gpy; cs;s ehlhSkd;wk;> nfhOk;G khefurigf; fl;blk; ,tw;iw kl;LNk Fwpg;gplyhk;.

Mdhy; ,Rg;ghdpa ehL mNj fhyj;jpy; vz;zpwe;j Nfhl;il>  nfhj;jsq;fs;> khl khspiffis fpA+ghtpy; tpl;Lr; nrd;Ws;sd. mtw;iwg; Gul;rpia mLj;J te;j f];Nwh muR nkj;jf; ftdkhfg; guhkupj;J tUfpd;wJ. GjpjhfTk; gpukpf;fj;jf;f khjpup  Gul;rpr; rJf;fk;> Nah]; khHl;b epidTr; rpd;dk; Nghd;wtw;iw epWtpAs;sJ.    

fhiy njhlf;fk; gb Vwp Vwp fhy; typf;fj; njhlq;fpd. tuNlNuh jpUk;gp Fspj;Jr; rhg;gpl;L tpl;L fl;bypy; tpOe;J  vg;NghJ
Jhq;fyhk; vd;w  ftiy kdijf; File;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. N`hl;lYf;F te;J Nru ,uT 9 kzpahfp tpl;lJ.

vdJ ,uz;lhtJ gazj;jpd; NghJ fpA+ghtpd; tlgFjpapy; cs;s fNah nfhf;Nfh ( Cayo Coco) vd;w rpW jPtpw;Fg; NghdJgw;wpAk; me;jj; jPtpy; ahUk; FbapUf;ftpy;iy> jPtpd; xU Gwk; rJg;G epyk;> vq;Nf ghHj;jhYk; gw;iwf;fhL> fpA+ghit moFgLj;Jk; gidkuq;fs; ( palms) fhzg;gLfpd;wd vdTk;> aho;g;ghzf; flw;fiuNahukhff; fhzg;gLk; mlk;gd;nfhb kw;Wk;  vq;fs; CH fUf;FUtp> kuf;nfhj;jp Nghd;w gwit ,dq;fs; fhzg;gLtijAk; Fwpg;ghf vq;fs; fz;fisf; nfhs;is nfhz;l Kg;gjpdhapuj;Jf;Fk; mjpfkhd ,sQ; rptg;G epwg; (pink)  gpskpq;Nfh (flamingo)   gwitfs; me;jj;  jPtpd; moFf;F moF NrHf;fpd;wd vd;Wk; mtw;iwf; fhzf; fz;Nfhb Ntz;Lk; vdTk; vOjpapUe;Njd;.  

mg;Gwk; tlf;fpy; tuNlNuhtpw;F fpof;Nf cs;s Nkhwd; (Moron) vd;w efupy; ,Ue;J 360 fpkP njhiytpy; vjpHg;Gwkhf ,Uf;Fk;  fpA+ghtpd; %d;whtJ ngupa efukhd jpwpdhl; (Trinidad) efiur; Rw;wpg; ghHj;Njhk; vdTk;> gazk; nra;j rhiyapd; ,U kuq;fpYk; khwp khwp fUk;Gj; Njhl;lk;> khkuj; Njhl;lk;> thioj; Njhl;lk;> Njhlk;goj; Njhl;lk;> md;dhrpg; goj; Njhl;lk;  Nghd;wit iky;fzf;fpy; ePz;L fple;jd vdTk; mtw;iwg;gw;wp gpd;dH vOJNtd; vdTk; nrhy;ypapUe;Njd;.  

Kjy; gazj;jpd;NghJ fpA+ghtpd; efHg;Gwq;fis kl;Lk; ghHf;f tha;g;Gf; fpilj;jJ. ,uz;lhtJ gazj;jpy; moF nfhopf;Fk; fpa+ghtpd; fpuhkg;Gwq;fisg; ghHf;Fk; mupa tha;g;Gf; fpilj;jJ. mtw;iwg; ghHj;jNghJ vd; kdjpy; vOe;j xU Nfs;tp - ,t;tsT kz; tsj;ijAk; ePH tsj;ijAk; fly;tsj;ijAk; nfhz;l ehl;by; Vd; czTg; gQ;rk; ,Uf;fpwJ? cilg; gQ;rk; ,Uf;fpwJ?   

tof;fkhf fpA+ghtpw;Fg; gazk; nra;fpd;wNghJ mq;Fs;s kf;fSf;Fj; Njitg;gLk; gw;gir> ngd;rpy;> Ngdhf;fs;>  Jzpkzpfs; Nghd;wtw;iw vLj;Jf; nfhz;L Ngha;f; nfhLg;gJ tof;fk;. ,k;Kiw nfhQ;rk; mjpfkhfNt thq;fp mtw;iw gj;Jf; FLk;gq;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;FkhW  gq;fpl;L xU ngupa ngl;bapy; vLj;Jf; nfhz;L NghapUe;Njhk;.  

gazk; Gwg;gLKd; vq;fsJ gaz topfhl;baplk; vq;fsplk; nfhQ;r md;gspg;Gg; nghUs;fs; ,Uf;fpwJ> mtw;iwg; NghFk; topapy; cs;s Viof; fpuhk kf;fs; ahUf;fhtJ nfhLf;f tpUk;GfpNwhk; vd;W Kd;$l;bNa vkJ jpl;lj;ijr; nrhy;yp itj;Njhk;. me;j topfhl;b Mk; vd;Wk; nrhy;ytpy;iy ,y;iy vd;Wk; nrhy;ytpy;iy. mf;fiw nfhQ;rKk; ,y;yhjkhjpup mtH fhzg;gl;lhH. xUNtis ehq;fs; mtHfisg; gpr;irf;fhuHfs; vd;W epidj;J ele;J nfhs;tJ mtUf;Fg; gpbf;ftpy;iyNah vd;w ma;ak; $l vOe;jJ!  

jpwpdhl;  kpdp Ng&e;Jg; gazk; gy kzpj;jpahyq;fs; gpbj;jd. tpkhdj;jpy; NghapUf;fyhk;. Mdhy; mg;gbg; Nghdhy; fpuhkg;Gwq;fisNah mq;F thOk; kf;fisNah ghHf;f KbahJ. jiu top vd;why; ehY gf;fKk; ghHj;j tz;zk; Nghfyhk;.  mJ kl;Lk; my;yhJ Mq;fhq;Nf  epd;W fhyhwp tuyhk;.  

Xl;LeH topapy; fhzg;gl;l xU cztfj;jpy; tz;bia epWj;jpdhH. gj;Jg; gd;dpuz;L NgH ,Ue;J rhg;gplf; $ba ,lk;. Fbg;gjw;Fg; gor;rhWk; fbg;gjw;Fj; jpd;gz;lq;fSk;  rhg;gpLtjw;F fwp NrhWk; ,Ue;jd. ehq;fs; ,Ue;j Nkirf;Fj; rw;Wj; js;sp ma;e;J fpA+ghdpaHfs; gpaH Nghj;jy;fisf; fhyp gz;zpf;nfhz;L  jl;Lj; jl;lhfr; rhg;ghl;il fgsPfuk; nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. mtHfis kfpo;tpf;f xypngUf;fp topahf fhijg; gpsf;Fk; fpA+gd; Jazz  ,ir te;J nfhz;bUe;jJ.   

vdf;F xNu tpag;G. ,g;gbr; rhg;gpLtjw;F ,tHfSf;F vq;fpUe;J gzk; tUfpwJ? xU kUj;JtuJ rk;gsNk khjk; 35 mnkupf;f nlhyHfs;jhd;. mg;gb ,Uf;Fk; NghJ ,tHfs; ,g;gb ntl;Ltjw;F epiwag; gzk; Ntz;LNk?  ehq;fs; Fbj;j MSf;nfhU  fpsh]; gourj;Jf;F ehY nlhyH gpy; te;jJ.  Nfhopf;fwpNahL rhg;gpLk; ,tHfsJ gpy; vj;jid ngNrhitf; fhl;Lk;? mtHfisg; ghHj;jhy; mur CopaHfs; Nghy; gl;lJ.  mur fzf;fpy; rhg;gpLfpwhHfs; NghYk;!  

vdf;F xNu tpag;G. ,g;gbr; rhg;gpLtjw;F ,tHfSf;F vq;fpUe;J gzk; tUfpwJ?  xU lhf;lH cila rk;gsNk khjk; 35 mnkupf;f nlhyHfs;jhd;.  ehq;fs; Fbj;j  MSf;nfhU  fpsh]; gourj;Jf;F ehY nlhyH gpy; te;jJ.  Nfhopf;fwpNahL rhg;gpLk; ,tHfsJ
gpy; vj;jid ngNrhitf; fhl;Lk;? mtHfisg; ghHj;jhy; mur gzpahsHfs; Nghy; ,Ue;jJ. mur fzf;fpy; rhg;gpLfpwhHfs; NghYk;!  

cztfj;Jf;F mUNf xU rpd;df; fl;blk;  fl;l ,uz;L NgH mj;jpthuk; ntl;bf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. mtrug;glhky; MWjiyahf ntl;bdhHfs;! Nkrd; xUtH rpnke;ijf; Fioj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. 

mq;fpUe;J Gwg;gl;Lr; rupahf xU kzpj;jpahyj;jpy; jpwpdhl;  efuj;jpd; vy;iyiaf; fle;J xU FbapUg;Gf;Fs;  tz;biaf; nfhz;LNgha;  Xl;LeH  epw;ghl;bdhH. topfhl;b mUfpy; fk;gPukhf vOe;J epd;w NfhGuj;ijr; Rl;bf; fhl;b mjd; ngaH  Palacio Centero vd;whH. me;j caukhd NghGuk; Kd;ida fhyj;jpy; mUfpYs;s  fUk;Gj; Njhl;lq;fspy; Ntiy nra;j mbikfisf; fz;fhzpf;ff;  fl;lg;gl;ljhk;! mjidg; glk; gpbg;gJ vd;why; 25 ahH js;sp epd;W vLf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJjhd; NfhGuj;jpd; mbAk; EdpAk; glj;jpy; tpOk;! 

me;j ,lj;jpy; xU gs;spf; $lKk; ,Ue;jJ. xU Mrpupia 12-15 taJf;F cl;gl;l 20 khztHfNshL te;J nfhz;bUe;jhH. mtHfisg; glk; gpbf;fyhk; vd;why; vd;d fhuzj;jhNyh me;j Mrpupia vkJ Ntz;LNfhSf;F nrtp rha;f;f kWj;Jtpl;lhH. rPUil mzpe;jpUe;j me;j khztHfs;  fUg;G> nts;is> rptg;G vd;W vy;yh epwj;jpYk; ,Ue;jhHfs;.  

rw;W Neuj;jpy; Xl;LeH vq;fis Nehf;fp te;jhH.  mUfpYs;s njhlH FbapUg;Gf;fisf; fhl;b mq;Nf ,Uf;fpw FLk;gq;fSf;F ehq;fs; nfhz;L te;j md;gspg;Gg; nghUl;fisf; nfhLf;fyhk; vd;whH. me;jf; FbapUg;Gf;fs; kpfTk; ghoile;j epiyapy; ,Ue;jd. $iuapd; rpy ,lq;fspy; XLfisf; fhz Kbatpy;iy.  

ehq;fs; Xbg;Ngha; tz;bapy; ,Ue;j ngl;bia kpFe;j rpukj;NjhL Jhf;fpf; nfhz;L me;jf; FbapUg;Gg; gf;fk; ele;J NghNdhk;. topapy; xU 15 taJ kjpf;ff;$ba rpd;dg; ngz; te;J nfhz;bUe;jhH. mtiu  kwpj;J Fryk; tprhupj;Njhk;. mtUf;F vq;fsJ Mq;fpyk; tpsq;ftpy;iy. vq;fSf;F mtuJ ,Rghdp\; tpsq;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ehq;fs; Rw;Wyhtpfs; vd;gJ kl;Lk; mtUf;F tpsq;fp tpl;lJ. ehq;fs;  ngl;biar; Rl;bf; fhl;b mjw;Fs; Jzpkzpfs; ,Uf;fpwnjd;Wk; mtw;iw md;gspg;Gr; nra;af;   nfhz;L te;jpUf;fpNwhk; vd;Wk; ifr; nra;ifahy; fhl;bNdhk;. clNd me;jg; rpd;dg; ngz;Zf;F ehq;fs; te;j fhupak; tpsq;fp tpl;lJ! mq;fpUe;jgbNa ,Rg;ghdpa nkhopapy; mf;fk; gf;fj;jpy; FbapUe;jtHfisf; $tp mioj;jhH. mt;tsTjhd; vq;fis  Nehf;fp Fkupfs;> fpotpfs; mlq;fpa xU ngz;fs; gl;lhsk; ehd; Ke;jp eP Ke;jp vd;W Kz;b mbj;Jf; nfhz;L  Xb te;jJ.  mLj;j fzk; me;j ,lk; xU Aj;j fskhf khwpaJ!

fpA+gh gazf; fl;Liu

xU gUe;jpd; epoypy; 

jpwpdhl; cyf fyhrhu ,lk;

(92)

Kz;b mbj;J Xbte;jtHfs; Mis Ms; tpyf;fptpl;L ngl;bia ehY %iyapYk; gpbj;J ,Oj;jhHfs;. xUtH ifg;gpbia ,Oj;jNghJ mJ ifNahL Ngha;tpl;lJ! xU jbj;j  ,sk; ngz; xU %jhl;biag; gpbj;Jj; js;spdhH. mtH xU Gwk; Fg;Gwg;Ngha; tpOe;jhH. ,e;jg; ngz;fsJ jhf;FjYf;Fj; jhf;Fg; gpbf;f Kbahj ngl;b jhWkhwhff; fpope;Jtpl;lJ. ty;yik cs;stHfs; mjw;Fs; ,Ue;j nghjpfis vLj;Jf; nfhz;L XbdhHfs;. NkYk;  gyk; cs;stHfs; iff;F xt;nthd;whf ,uz;L nghjpfis vLj;Jf; nfhz;L XbdhHfs;!

ehq;fs; xU gf;fk; xJq;fp epd;Nwhk;. mjdhy; ,e;j mbgpbapy; rpf;fhJ jg;gpNdhk;. fpA+ghtpy; Vo;ik ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gjw;fhd rhd;Wfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.  i`gH myp fhyj;J Nkhl;lhH tz;bfs;> fuL Kulhd rhiyfs;> mOf;Fg; gbe;j njhlHkhbfs;> mtw;wpy; njhq;Fk; fe;jy; cilfs;> ntwpr;Nrhbf; fplf;Fk; mq;fhbfs; ,itnay;yhk; fpA+ghtpd; Vo;ikia vLj;Jf; fhl;bd. Mdhy; ,e;jg; ngz;fs; ehq;fs; vLj;Jr; nrd;w md;whLk; Njitg;gLk; nghUl;fSf;Fg; Nghl;l rz;il mitnay;yhtw;iwAk; Njhw;fbj;J tpl;lJ!

ehq;fs; Nghd rhiyapd; ,UkUq;Fk; gad;jUk; goj;Njhl;lq;fs; fhzg;gl;ld. Mq;fhq;F ney; tay;fs; fz;Zf;Fg; gl;ld. FbahdtHfs; jpwe;j ntspfspy; ke;ijfis Nka;j;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,ilapilNa kf;fs; FbapUg;Gf;fs; te;J Nghapd. xU tPlhtJ ngupa tPlhf ,y;iy. vy;yhk; rpd;dr; rpd;dtPLfs;. ngUk;ghyhdtw;wpd; $iufs; jfuj;jhy; Ntag;gl;bUe;jd. tsTfspy; njd;id fKf kuq;fs; Mq;fhq;Nf fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

fUk;G kw;Wk; goj; Njhl;lq;fs; fhzg;gl;ljhy; rhiyNahuq;fspy; rpd;dg; gof;filfs; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W vjpHghHj;Njhk;. xU fil$lf; fz;Zf;Fg; gltpy;iy. fhuzk; me;jj; Njhl;lq;fs; muRf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdit.  

fUk;Gf; fl;Lfis Vw;wpf; nfhz;L Fjpiu tz;bfs; neLQ;rhiyapy; Nghtijg; ghHj;Njhk;. ngupa nyhwpfspYk; fUk;Gf; fl;Lfis mUfpy; cs;s MiyfSf;F vLj;Jg; NghfpwhHfs;.

jpwpdhl; fpA+ghtpy; cs;s efuq;fspy; %d;whtJ ngupa efukhFk;. fpA+ghtpy; eNkh vd Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l VO efuq;fspy; ,JTk; xd;W. rw;Wj; njhiytpy;jhd; f];Nwh 1953Mk; Mz;L A+iy 26k; ehs; Nkw;nfhz;l Mdhy; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;j nkhd;fhlh ,uhZt tpLjp (Moncada Barracks) ,Ue;jJ.  

jpwpdhl; efuj;ij 1514 Mk; Mz;L  Njhw;Wtpj;jtH ,Rg;ghdpa flNyhbahd BNfh nty];;Ft]; (Diego Velázquez ) vd;gtH. fupgPd; flYf;F rw;W cl;Gwkhf ,e;jf; FbapUg;G Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.  mg;NghJ mjd; ngaH Villa de la Santísima  vd;gjhFk;.  rpy khjq;fs; fopj;J Sancti Spíritus  vd;w FbapUg;G cUthfpaJ. mjd; kf;fs; njhif 36. ,e;jf; FbapUg;Gfspy; ,Ue;jtHfisj;jhd;  Hernán Cortés  vd;w flNyhb nkf;rpf;Nfhitg; gpbf;f fpgp 1514 Mk; Mz;L Gwg;gl;lNghJ jdf;F cjtpahff; $l;br; nrd;whH.

BNfh nty];FtRk; mtuJ Ml;fSk; tof;fk; Nghy mq;F tho;e;j  G+HtPf kf;fis mbikg;gLj;jpdhHfs;. ,Rg;ghdpaH jq;fNshL nfhz;Lte;j NehapdhYk; fbd ciog;ghYk; mtHfs; ,we;Jgl;lNghJ  Mgpupf;fhtpy; ,Ue;J fUg;G mbikfis ,wf;Fkjp nra;jhHfs;. gjpNdohk; Ehw;whz;L KOJk; ,lk;ngw;w mbik thzpfk;> Ml;flj;jy; ,uz;Lk; jpwpdhl;il nry;tk; nfhopf;Fk; efukhf khw;wpaJ. Mdhy; jpwpdhl; efupd; nry;tr; nropg;G mq;F flw;nfhs;isaHfisAk; #iwahLgtHfisAk; (corsairs)  $tp mioj;jJ. mtHfsJ #iwahlyhy;   Sancti Spíritus  mopf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ. Mdhy; jpwpdhl; jg;gptpl;lJ.

fpA+gh 1880k; Mz;L mbik thzpfj;ij jilnra;jJ.  Mdhy; kiotpl;Lk; Jhthdk; tplhjJNghy jpiukiwtpy; mbik thzpfk; NkYk; gy Mz;Lfs; njhlHe;J eilngw;wJ. 1895Mk; Mz;L Rje;jpug; NghUf;Fg; gpd;dUk; ,e;j epiy ePbj;jJ.

vg;NghJk;Nghy ,g;NghJk; jpwpdhl;bd; nghUshjhu tsk; rPdp cw;gj;jpapNyNa jq;fp ,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy; 52>000 kf;fs; thOk; ,e;j efuk; jw;NghJ Rw;Wyhj;Jiw %yKk; fzprkhd tUthiag; ngWfpwJ.    

jpwpdhl; efuj;jpd; njhd;ik kw;Wk; tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j fl;llq;fs; ,tw;iwg; ghJfhf;Fk; Nehf;NfhL mjidAk; mq;fpUe;J 4 fpkP Jhuj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; Gfo;ngw;w fUk;G Miyg; gs;sj;jhf;ifAk; (  Valle de los Ingenios (Valley of the sugar mills)  If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; nghUshjhu r%f fyhrhu mikg;G 'cyf fyhrhu ,lk;' (World Heritage Site)   vd 1988Mk; Mz;L gpufldg;gLj;jpaJ.  jpwpdhl;Lf;F ,d;ndhU ngaH fupgPd; flypd; mUq;fhl;rpvfk; (Museum City of the Caribbean Sea) vd;gjhFk;.  

fUk;G Miyg; gs;sj;jhf;Fj;jhd; 17 Mk; Ehw;whz;by; fUk;Gr; nra;iff;Fg;  ngaHNghd ,lkhf tpsq;fpaJ. cyfj;jpd; ve;jg; gFjpapYk; ,y;yhjthW Ehw;Wf; fzf;fhd rPdp Miyfs; ,q;F ,aq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jd.  vz;gj;jpuz;L rPdp Miyfs; Mz;Lf;F 60>000 mNwhgh]; (arrobas) rPdp> 1>000 gPg;gh fUg;gQ;rhW> 700 ngl;b nty;yk; cw;gj;jp nra;jd.

mjd; vr;r nrhr;rq;fisg;  ghHg;gjw;F Mapuf;fzf;fhd Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs;  ehs;NjhWk; ,q;F tUfpwhHfs;. ,e;jf; fUk;Gj; Njhl;lq;fspy; Ntiy nra;j mbikfisf; fz;fhzpf;f rPdp Miy Kjyhspfspy; xUtuhd Alejo Maria del Carmen  Iznaga fl;ba Palace of Sanchez Iznaga (1835-45) vd;w NfhGuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. me;jf; NfhGuj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghHj;jhy; fz;Zf;F vl;ba Jhuk;tiu gr;irg; gNry; vd;w fUk;Gj; Njhl;lq;fs; fz;Zf;Fj; njupAk;.  

NkYk; ke;ij tsHg;Gf;Fk; Gifapiyj; Njhl;lq;fSf;Fk; jpwpdhl; efuk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngw;wpUe;jJ.  

fy;Yg; gjpj;j jpwpdhl; efupd; tPjpfspy; elg;gJ xU Rfkhd mDgtkhFk;. ve;jg; gf;fk; jpUk;gpdhYk; Njthyhaq;fs;> G+e;Njhl;lq;fs;> gioa muz;kid ghzpapyhd tPLfs; fz;zpy; gLfpd;wd. ngUk;ghyhd tPLfs; rptg;G epw XLfshy; Ntag;gl;Ls;sJ. mtw;wpd; La Villa de la Santísima Njthyak;         ntspg;Gwk; xd;wpy; ePyk; my;yJ kQ;rs; epwj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Qhapwpd; ntl;gkhd xspf;fPw;Wf;fs;gl;Lj; njwpf;f (reflect) Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfNt  ,e;j epwq;fs; G+rg;gLfpd;wd. 

gioa khspifSk; tPLfSk; jpUj;jg;gl;L ,g;NghJ Rw;Wyhg; gazpfSf;fhd mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs;> cztfq;fs;> epidTg; nghUs;fs; tpw;Fk; mq;fhbfs; (Souvenir shops) Mf khw;wg;gl;Ls;sd.   

efuj;jpd; Kf;fpa rJf;fj;jpy; fpwpj;jt Njthyak;   mUq;fhl;rpafk; (  Romantic Museum)  kw;Wk;  La Villa de la Santísima Njthyak; (Santísima Trinidad Church) ,e;jj; Njthyaj;jpy;jhd; G+HtPf Fbkf;fspd; eyd;fSf;Ff; Fuy; nfhLj;j Fray Bartolomé de las Casas vd;w ghjpupahH jdJ Kjy; gyp G+iria elj;jpdhH. mjd;NghJ G+HtPf Fbkf;fisg; Gfo;e;Jk; mtHfs; kdpjhgpkhdj;NjhL elj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gij typAWj;jpAk; NgrpdhH. ,q;Fs;s La Villa de la Santísima Njthyak; rw;Nw caHe;j epyg;gug;gpy; fk;gPukhf vOe;J epw;fpd;wJ.

topfhl;b vq;fis fUk;G gpopAk; xU rpd;d ifj;njhopy;  $lj;jpw;Ff; $l;bg; NghdhH. fUg;ge;jbfis xU nrf;Fg; Nghd;w ,ae;jpuj;jpy; itj;J  khLfSf;Fg; gjpy; ,uz;L NgH xU fk;gpd; ,UGwKk; epd;W Rw;wp ,Oj;J tu rhW xU rpW tha;f;fhy; topahf Xbte;J xU ngupa mz;lhtpy; tpOfpwJ.  mjid mq;F NghFk; gazpfSf;F xU fpsh]; fUg;gQ;rhW xU nlhyUf;F  tpw;fpwhHfs;.

mLj;J jpwpdhl; efupy; kl;ghz;lq;fs; jahupf;Fk; xU Fbirj;njhopy; ikaj;ijg; ghHg;gjw;F  topfhl;b mioj;Jg; NghdhH. vOgJ taijj; jhz;ba ehY Ie;J fpotHfs; kl;ghz;lq;fisj; jahupg;gjpy; Kk;kukhf <Lgl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ntWk; fopkz; rpy kzpj;Jspfspy; mtHfsJ iftz;zj;jpy; mofhd  ghid> rl;b> $rh> cUtr; rpiyfs; vd tpjk; tpjkhf cUthfp vq;fs; fz;nzjpNu capH ngw;W te;jd. nra;J Kbj;jtw;iw Kw;wj;jpy; nta;apypy; fha itf;fpwhHfs;. ,tHfSf;Fg; gpd;dH ,tHfsJ ,isa jiyKiwapdH  ,e;jf; Faj; njhopypy; <LgLthHfsh? vd topfhl;baplk; Nfl;Nlhk;. 'ehd; epidf;ftpy;iy' vd;w tpil mtuJ thapy; ,Ue;J te;jJ.

ghHg;gjw;F ,d;ndhU tuyhw;Wg; Gfo;ngw;w ,lk; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;w Kd;DiuNahL topfhl;b fTz;ld; ghzpapy; 'vd; gpd;dhy; thUq;fs;' (follow me) vd;W $wp vq;fis mioj;Jr; nrd;whH. ehq;fs; fhy;eilapy; kpFe;j vjpHghHg;NghL mtiug; gpd;gw;wpNdhk;. topfhl;b xU Xq;fp tsHe;j ngupakuj;jpd; fPo; Ngha; epd;whH. Vd; ,e;j kdpjH kuj;jpd; fPo; epw;fpwhH vd;W ehq;fs; Nahrpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ me;j kuk;jhd; mtH nrhd;d tuyhw;Wg; Gfo;ngw;w ,lk; vd;gijg; Gupe;J nfhz;Nlhk;.

me;j kuj;jpd; ngaH jigue vd;gjhFk;.  ,e;j kuj;jpd; fPo;j;jhd; ehd; Vw;fdNt Fwpg;gpl;l BNfh ty];Ft]; ( Diego  Velázquez) vd;w flNyhb ej;jhH jpUg;gypg; G+iria Kjd;Kjyhf elj;jpdhH.

,e;j rJf;fj;jpy;jhd; Gfo;ngw;w La Canchánchara vd;w cz;br;rhiy ,Uf;fpwJ. ,irf;FO xd;W 24 kzpNeuKk; fpA+ghdpa jazz ,iria toq;fpf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwJ. ,ir> eldk; ,uz;Lk; fpA+ghdpaHfNshL $lg; gpwe;jJNghy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. fhJf;F tpUe;NjhL ehTf;Fk; Canchánchara  vd;w me;j cz;br;rhiyapd; ngaHnfhz;l  xUtif Njwy; fyitia (cocktail) gUfj; jUfpwhHfs;. tprhupj;jjpy; Njd;> vYkpr;irr; rhW> kJ> Kj;Jg;Nghd;w jz;zPH nfhz;L ,e;jj; Njwy; fyit jahupf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;W nrhd;dhHfs;. xU fpshrpd; tpiy 1.50 mnkupf;f nlhyH. topfhl;bNa me;jg; gzj;ijf; fl;btpLfpwhH. mNj cz;br;rhiyapy; ,uTr; rhg;ghl;il Kbj;Jf; nfhz;L fhNah nfhf;NfhTf;Fg; gazg; gl;Nlhk;. kpdp Ng&e;J tz;b me;j ,uitf; fpopj;Jf;nfhz;L gwe;jJ.

fpA+gh gazf; fl;Liu

xU gUe;jpd; epoypy;

gUe;Jk; Nfhopf; FQ;Rk;  

(93)

G+Nyhf RtHf;fk; vd;W nrhy;thHfNs? mg;gbnahd;W ,Ue;jhy; mJ fhNah nfhf;Nfhthfj;jhd; (Cayo    Coco) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU ngz;zpd; Nkdp moif tHzpf;f te;j ghujpahH 'ftpijf; fdp gpope;j rhw;wpdpNy> gz;$j;J vDkptw;wpd; rhunky;yhk; Vw;wp mjNdhNl ,d;dKijj; jhd;fye;J> fhjy; nta;apypNy fhaitj;j fl;bapdhy; khjtspd; Nkdp tFj;jhd; gpukd; vd;Ngd;' vd;W tpae;J ghLthH. 

fhNah nfhf;Nfh jPitAk; ,aw;if md;id jdJ mjPj fw;gid tsj;ijAk; iftz;zj;ijAk; fhl;bg; gilj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. cyfpy; NtW vq;NfDk; ,g;gb kdijf; nfhs;is nfhs;Sk; mofhd jPT ,Ug;gJ ma;aNk.  

fhNah nfhf;Nfh jPtpd; gug;gsT 370 rJu fpkP vdTk; mjd; ghy;Nghd;w nts;isf; flw;fiu 22 fpkP Jhuk; vdTk; ,e;jj; jPitAk; jiyepyj;ijAk; 28 fpkP JhuKs;s rhiy ,izf;fpwJ vd;Wk; Kd;dH $wpAs;Nsd;.

me;jj; jPtpd; moifg; gUFtjpy; mLj;j rpy ehs;fs; fope;jd. fhiyapy; vOe;J flypy; Fspg;gJ> glfpy; nfhQ;rj; Jhuk; Ngha;tUtJ> jPit Rw;wpg; ghHg;gJ> gpd;Neuq;fspy; njd;dQ; NrhiyfSf;F ,ilapy; fl;bapUf;Fk; Ehy; CQ;rypy; rw;Wf; fz;zaHtJ. ,uT fpA+gh eldf; FOf;fspd; ehl;baj;ijg; ghHj;Jf; fspg;gJ Mfpatw;wpy; nghOJ NghdJ.  

flypy; Fspg;gjw;F fhiy 7.30 kzpf;Nf ,lj;ijg; gpbj;Jtpl Ntz;Lk;. nta;apypd; jhf;fj;ijj; jzpf;f rpW rpW Xiyf; Fbirfis flw;fiuNahukhff; fl;b ,Uf;fpwhHfs;. Mdhy; nts;isf;fhuHfs; jpwe;j kzy; ntspapy; mz;zhe;J clk;gpy; fpwPk; G+rpf;nfhz;L nta;apy; gLk;gb gLj;J tpLfpwhHfs;! 

khiy Ntisfspy; mbf;fb kio nga;fpwJ. mjdhy; ntl;gk; Fiwe;J fhw;W rpy; vd;W  tPRk;  ehq;fs; nrd;w kWehs; khiyapy; ey;y kio nga;jJ. kio tpl;Lf; nfhQ;rk; kk;ky; MdJk; Esk;Gfs; vq;fpUe;Njh gilnaLj;J te;J fbf;fj; njhlq;fpd. ,ij ehq;fs; nfhQ;rKk; vjpHghHf;ftpy;iy. Xbg;Ngha; miwf; fjitr; rhj;jpf;nfhz;L cs;Ns ,Ue;J tpl;Nlhk;. N`hl;ly; epHthfk; clNd me;jg; gpuNjrk; KOJk; ngupa gk;Gfs; %yk; Gif mbj;jhHfs;.  mjdhy; me;jg; gFjp ngupa Gif kz;lykhff; fhl;rpaspj;jJ. mjd; gpd;dH kio nga;jhYk; Esk;G jiy fhl;Ltjpy;iy.    

,e;jj; jPTf;F fhNah nfhf;Nfh vd;w ngaH te;j fhuzk; mq;F fhzg;gLk; nts;is epw nfhf;Nfh vd;w ngaH nfhz;l  gwitjhd;. ,J gpskpq;Nfh vd;w nre;ehiufistplr; rpwpad. vq;fs; CH nfhf;Fg; Nghd;wit. jkpo;jhd; cyfpd; Kjd; nkhop vd;W nrhy;gtHfs; nfhf;F vd;w  jkpo;r; nrhy;jhd; jpupe;J nfhf;Nfh vd;W toq;FfpwJ vd;W nrhw;NghH nra;af; $Lk;!

,e;jj; jPtpy; nkhj;jk; 22>000 miwfs; fl;Ltjw;Fj; jpl;lk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,g;NghJ mjpy; fhy;thrpjhd; fl;b Kbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. kPjp fl;lg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. ehq;fs; jq;fpapUe;j N`hl;ly; fNah nfhf;Nfhtpy; kl;Lk; 458 miwfs; ,Ue;jd. vy;yh miwfspYk; Fsp&l;bfs;> nra;kjpj; njhiyf;fhl;rpfs;> cg;gupiffs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. gf;fj;jpy; fhNah fhwpNg ( Cayo Caribe)  vd;w ,d;ndhU N`hl;ly; ,Uf;fpwJ. 1997Mk; Mz;L jpwf;fg;gl;l ,e;j N`hl;lypy;  514 miwfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.  rw;Wj; njhiytpy; TRYP vd;w N`hl;ly; ,Uf;fpwJ. Kg;gj;NjO fl;blq;fisf; nfhz;l ,jpy;  972 miwfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,it ngUk;ghYk; 4 my;yJ 5 el;rj;jpu N`hl;ly;fshFk;.

nghJthf Rw;Wyhj; njhopyhy; Rw;Wr; #oy; khR mile;J> ghypay; Fw;wq;fs;> fsTfs;> nfhs;isfs; mjpfupg;gJz;L. Mdhy; ,e;jj; jPtpd; capupd tho;f;ifr; #oiyAk;> ,aw;ifr; #oiyAk; NgZtjpy; muR fz;Zk; fUj;Jkhf  ,Uf;fpwJ. ,q;F nre;ehiufs; cl;gl 200f;Fk; mjpfkhd ntt;NtW tpjkhd  gwitfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Ke;Ehw;W ehw;gJ  tif kuq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. gy N`hl;ly;fs; fl;ba gpd;dUk; jPtpd; 90 tpOf;fhL gpuNjrk; gw;iwf;fhlhfNt fhl;rpaspf;fpwJ.  

fhNah nfhf;Nfh jPtpw;F 50 fpkP Jhuj;jpy; ,d;ndhU jPT ,Uf;fpwJ.  mjd; ngaH fhNah fpyHNkh ( Cayo Guillermo) vd;gjhFk;. ,jd; gug;gsT 13 rJu fp. kP. kl;LNk! ,e;jj; jPtpy;jhd; gpugy vOj;jhsH VHnd];l; n`kpq;Nt ( Ernest Hemingway)   ‘The Old Man at the Sea’ kw;Wk;  ‘Islands in the Stream’,  vd;w Gfo;ngw;w  ehty;fis vOjpdhH. kPd; gpbg;gJ mtuJ nghOJ Nghf;fhf ,Ue;jJ. ePNuhl;lj;jpy; jPTfs; vd;w Ehypy; n`kpq;Nt ,e;jf; flypy; cyfpy; Ntnwq;Fk; fhzKbahj mstpw;F kPd;fs; ,Ug;gjhf vOjpapUf;fpwhH. ,q;F Mo;flypy; kPd; gpbg;gjw;fhd trjpfs; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd.  

tuNlNuhittpl fhNah nfhf;Nfh midj;Jyf Rw;Wg;gazpfs; kj;jpapy; mjpfg; Gfo; mile;J tUfpwJ. xU fhyj;jpy; ,e;jj; jPtpy; rpy kPdtf; FLk;gq;fs; kl;Lk; trpj;J  te;jd. Rw;Wyhg;gazpfSf;F ,e;jj; jPT 1993Mk; Mz;L jpwe;J tplg;gl;lJ.  md;wpy; ,Ue;J ,d;Wtiu 800>000 Rw;Wyhg;gazpfs; ,q;F te;J NghapUf;fpwhHfs;. ,tHfspy; ngUk;ghNyhH fdlh> n[Hkdp Nghd;w ehLfisr; NrHe;jtHfs; MtH.   

1993-2001 Mz;LfSf;F ,ilapy; 47 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfis N`hl;ly;fs; ,yhgkhf <l;bAs;sd. nrg;njk;gH 11k; ehs; mnkupf;fh kPJ elj;jg;gl;l  gaq;futhjj; jhf;FjYf;Fg; gpd;dUk; ,q;Fs;s N`hl;ly;fspd; FbapUg;G tpOf;fhL ( occupancy rate)  40 tpOf;fhLf;Ff;  Fiwahky; ,Ue;J tUfpwJ.

mz;ikapy; fl;b Kbf;fg;gl;l midj;Jyf tpkhd epiyaj;jpy;  nuhwd;Nuh> nkhd;wpay; Nghd;w efuq;fspy; ,Ue;J tpkhdq;fs; Neubahfg; gwe;J te;J ,wq;Ffpd;wd.

fhNah nfhf;Nfh  jPtpy; epue;ju FbapUg;Gf;fs; ,y;iy. nghJkf;fs; FbapUg;gjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. ,q;Fs;s  N`hl;ly;fspy; RkhH 6>000 CopaHfs; Ntiy nra;fpwhHfs;. ,ijtpl kiwKfkhf czT toq;fy;> Nghf;F tuj;J Nghd;wtw;wpd; %yk;  %d;W klq;F NgUf;F Ntiy tha;g;Gf; fpilf;fpwJ. ,J Rw;Wyhj; njhopyhy; Vw;gLk; Neub njhopy; tha;g;G MFk;.

N`hl;ly; CopaHfs; vy;NyhUk; ehs;NjhWk; Ng&e;jpy; fhiyapy; te;J khiyapy; tPl;Lf;Fg; Ngha;tpLfpwhHfs;. mj;jpahtrpakhfj; Njitg;gLk; CopaHfs;> jpwikahd gzpahsHfs; vdj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLk; RkhH 170 NgH  kl;Lk; ,utpy; N`hl;ly;fspy; jq;f mDkjpf;fg;gLfpwhHfs;. czT ,ytrkhff; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. miw thlif Fiwe;j fl;lzj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. muR kpFjpg; gzj;ijf; nfhLj;J tpLfpwJ.

N`hl;ly;fs; fpA+gd; muRf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdit vd;whYk;  mjid elj;JgtHfs; ngUk;ghYk; ,Rg;ghdpaHfs;.  

,g;gbahd 4 my;yJ 5 el;rj;jpu N`hl;ly;fspy; cs;@Hthrpfs; te;J jq;fyhkh? Fiwe;jgl;rk; gzj;ijf; nfhLj;J rhg;gplyhkh? mJ mtHfSf;Ff; fl;LgbahFkh?

N`hl;ly;fspy; jq;fp epd;W rhg;gpl trjp gilj;j fpA+ghdpaHfs;  ,Uf;fpwhHfs;. Mdhy; mtHfs; murpay; fhuzq;fSf;fhf mDkjpf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. fhuzk; mjdhy; tHf;f Ntw;Wik Njhd;wptpLk; my;yJ mjpfupj;JtpLk; vd;w gae;jhd;!  

Rw;Wyhg;gazpfis ed;whff; ftdpj;J mDg;GfpwhHfs; vd;gij ehd; nrhy;y Ntz;bajpy;iy. xt;nthU ehSk; tpjk; tpjkhd rhg;ghL> tpisahl;Lf;fs;> Nfspf;iffs; vd;W gaz KftHfs; mrj;JfpwhHfs;. jpUkz tPl;Lf;Fg; Nghdhy; vg;gb jpUkz tPl;Lf;fhuH tpOe;J tpOe;J tpUe;jpdiu tuNtw;W cgrupf;fpwhHfNsh mNjNghy; Rw;Wyhg; gazpfisAk; tuNtw;W cgrupf;fpwhHfs;.  

ehq;fs; Gwg;gLk; ehs; tpbe;jJ. miwfisf; fhyp nra;J> ,ae;jpur; rhtpfis tuNtw;G Nkirapy; xg;gilj;J tpl;L NgUe;J tz;bf;fhff; fhj;jpUe;Njhk;. nrhd;d Neuj;Jf;F tz;b te;jJk; Vwp cl;fhHe;J  nfhz;Nlhk;. tz;b Gwg;gLtjw;F xU rpy epkplq;fs; Kd;ghf vq;fisf; ftdpj;j nryT KftH te;jhH. mtH xU ngz;kzp ghgNlh]; jPitr; NrHe;j fUg;gH. 

Mz; ngz; NtWghbd;wp vy;NyhiuAk; fl;b mizj;J fd;dj;jpy; Kj;jk; nfhLj;J 'kPz;Lk; tUf' vd;W tho;j;jpdhH. cgrupg;gpy; VjhtJ FiwapUe;jhy; jq;fSf;F fl;lhak;  njuptpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W Nfl;L jdJ tzpf ml;iliaj; je;jhH.  

cz;ikapy; vq;fSld;  te;jtHfspy; ghjpg; NgUf;F  Nky; fpa+ghtpw;F xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l jlitfs; Ngha; te;jtHfs;.  

tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; ve;jf; nfL gpbAk; ,y;iy. tof;fk; Nghy flitr; rPl;Lfis kpff; ftdkhf cw;W cw;Wg; ghHj;Jtpl;L jpUg;gpj;jUfpwhHfs;. FbtuT mjpfhupfsJ Kfj;jpy; ve;jr; rydj;ijAk; ghHf;f KbahJ. fpA+ghtpy; rpupf;fhjtHfs; ahuhtJ ,Ue;jhy; mJ ,e;j FbtuT kw;Wk; Rq;f mjpfhupfs;jhd;! 

,e;j thl;b tpkhdk; Gwg;gl 4 kzpj;jpahyq;fs; jhkjkhfp tpl;lJ. me;j 4 kzpj;jpahyq;fisAk; Nghf;FtJ tpy;yq;fkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,l  neUf;fb NtW. xUthW  nghWikahf ,Ue;J tpkhdj;ijg; gpbj;J gj;jpukhf CH te;J NrHe;Njhk;. 

,e;jf; fl;Liuj; njhlUf;F ehd; nfhLj;j jiyg;G 'xU gUe;jpd; epoypy;' vd;gjhFk;. mg;gbnahU jiyg;igf; nfhLj;j fhuzj;ij ,t;tstpy; ePq;fs; Gupe;J nfhz;bUg;gPHfs;.  

Nrhtpaj; xd;wpak; Fiye;j gpd;dH cyfpy; vQ;rpAs;s xNunahU ty;yuR ehL mnkupf;fh.  me;j mnkupf;fhtpw;Ff;  fPNojhd; fpA+gh ,Uf;fpwJ. mnkupf;fhtpd; Njrpa rpd;dk; gUe;J. vdNtjhd; gUe;jpd; epoypy; vd;W jiyg;Gf; nfhLj;Njd;.  

Kjyhspj;Jt ehlhd mnkupf;fh vd;w gUe;jpd; epoypy; fk;A+dpr ehlhd fpA+gh vd;w Nfhopf; FQ;R ,Ug;gJ cyf mjpraq;fspy; xd;W. 1959Mk; Mz;Lg; Gul;rpf;Fg; gpd;dH fle;j fhyq;fspy; fpA+gh ehl;ilg; gpbf;fTk;> gply; f];Nwhitf; nfhy;yTk; mnkupf;fh vLj;j Kaw;rpfs; ntw;wpaspf;ftpy;iy. vy;yhk; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jd. ,jdhy; jw;Nghijf;F fpA+ghtpd; Rje;jpuj;Jf;Fk; ,iwikf;Fk; Mgj;J ,y;iy. Mdhy; gUe;J vj;jid ehisf;Ff; Nfhopf; FQ;irg; ghHj;Jf; nfhz;L Rk;kh ,Uf;Fk;. xU jPtpu tyJrhup mnkupf;f rdhjpgjpahfj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;lhy; te;jhy; epyik khwptpLk;. mg;NghJ gUe;J Nfhopf;FQ;ir tpwhQ;rpf; nfhz;L Nghfyhk;! 

vz;zp 93 fpoikfshf vd;Dld; fpA+gh gazj;jpy; ifNfhHj;J te;j cq;fSf;F vd; ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;.  ,e;jj; njhliug; gbj;Jtpl;Lg; gyH fdlhtpy; ,Ue;J fpA+ghtpw;Fr; Rw;Wyh Ngha; te;jpUf;fpwhHfs;. Vida ehLfNshL xg;gpLk; NghJ fpA+gh Rw;Wyhg; gazr; nryT fl;Lgbahf ,Ug;gJ mjw;F xU VJthFk;. ,e;jg; gazk; njhlHghfTk; gazj;ijr; rhl;bAk; NtW gy gaDs;s mwptpay; juTfisAk; cq;fSld; gfpHe;J nfhs;s Kbe;jJ vd ek;GfpNwd;. ,d;ndhU gazj;jpy; kPz;Lk; re;jpf;Fk;tiu Kof;fk; (Muzhakkam) thrfHfSf;F tzf;fk; $wp tpilngWfpNwd;!  mwptpaiy tsHg;Nghk;. gFj;jwpNthL tho;Nthk;.